The deceleration values are those recommended by Austroads (1993), and the reaction time is assumed to be 2.0 seconds. Using the charts in section 3.15 and the formula below, the required stopping distance at various speeds are shown in the following table.
Where:
S = stopping distance (m)
v = initial velocity (m/s)
t = reaction time (2.0 s)
a = deceleration (m/s)
Stopping distances
Stopping distance required to avoid a collision (deceleration values from Austroads, 1993)