Berms are small banks on the outside edge of the road that direct water away from the fill. They are most useful when the fill can easily erode or scour.
- The berm has protected the fill.
- Grass helps protect the berm and fill.
- The overloaded berm is already starting to collapse.
- Oversized berm was used to dispose of extra fill.
- The berm is not keyed into compacted fill.
- The fill is not stable.
- The large fill is protected by the berms.
- Run-off is directed away from the fill slopes via berms to flumed cut-outs.
- The berm has been compacted and keyed into the fill.
- Ponding and scour is likely to cause road failure.
- Water should have been cut out before the fill, and not allowed to pool in the middle.
- The low point of the road should not be in the middle of the fill. If unavoidable, flume water away.